{"id":522,"date":"2019-12-12T19:08:32","date_gmt":"2019-12-12T19:08:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/1.15.156.47\/wordpress\/?p=522"},"modified":"2023-04-06T23:45:18","modified_gmt":"2023-04-06T23:45:18","slug":"international-innovation-collaboration-an-community-analysis-of-patent-collaboration-network","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/?p=522","title":{"rendered":"International Innovation Collaboration &#8211; An community analysis of patent collaboration network"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"522\" class=\"elementor elementor-522\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b0584ee elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b0584ee\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-62ff81a\" data-id=\"62ff81a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c98f289 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"c98f289\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">            <div class=\"oxi-addons-container noLightbox oxi-image-hover-wrapper-1 \" id=\"oxi-image-hover-wrapper-1\">\r\n                <div class=\"oxi-addons-row\">\r\n                                <div class=\"oxi_addons__image_magnifier_column oxi-bt-col-lg-12 oxi-bt-col-md-12 oxi-bt-col-sm-12  \"> \r\n                <div class=\"oxi_addons__image_magnifier_style_body 0\" >\r\n                    <div class=\"oxi_addons__image_magnifier_style_1 oxi_addons__image_magnifier\" >\r\n                                                <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"oxi_addons__image   oxi__image_1_0 0  0  \" src=\"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Untitled-2-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"slider image\"\/>\r\n                                                <\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1e9b705 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1e9b705\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-78f1c97\" data-id=\"78f1c97\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d05619 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2d05619\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.8 - 27-07-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Untitled-2-1024x600.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-21f434d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"21f434d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7fd681\" data-id=\"e7fd681\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf424f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bf424f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.8 - 27-07-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>This research aims to explore the patent application cooperation relationships across the world. Based on the application data of resident and abroad count by applicant\u2019s origin in 2017 from WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization), we detect 4 the patent cooperation communities across the world with the optimal modularity algorithm.\u00a0 Modularity Q is the key measure, which is defined as the fraction of edges that fall within group 1 or 2, minus the expected number of edges within groups 1 and 2 for a random graph with the same node degree distribution as the given network. For a given division of the network&#8217;s vertices into some modules, modularity reflects the concentration of edges within modules compared with random distribution of links between all nodes regardless of modules.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5aec3a1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5aec3a1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-efe0936\" data-id=\"efe0936\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dc61c43\" data-id=\"dc61c43\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-faba047 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"faba047\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/ModularityFunctionNewman2006.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-64ce27e\" data-id=\"64ce27e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f9a0cb1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f9a0cb1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a18821\" data-id=\"6a18821\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-514f64a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"514f64a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p># this slide is borrowed from the public lecture slide shared by <span class=\"tr\">Ding-Zhu Du at <\/span><span class=\"tr\">University of Texas<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-620a602 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"620a602\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9fb81ea\" data-id=\"9fb81ea\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0da1e3a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0da1e3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The 4 patent cooperation communities are shown in different colors in the figure above. The largest group is colored yellow in the figure and mainly consisted of United States of America,\u00a0 Germany and Asian countries such as China, Japanese, South Korea, India and etc.. The second largest community is the untied group of European and Latin American and African countries, which is represented with blue color in the figure. Another community is the Britain-centered community mainly with New Zealand, Australia, Norway. The last and most isolated community is consisted of the Cuba and Cyprus.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fdd967e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fdd967e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e43412a\" data-id=\"e43412a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e0bdc2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"4e0bdc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">            <div class=\"oxi-addons-container noLightbox oxi-image-hover-wrapper-2 \" id=\"oxi-image-hover-wrapper-2\">\r\n                <div class=\"oxi-addons-row\">\r\n                                <div class=\"oxi_addons__image_magnifier_column oxi-bt-col-lg-12 oxi-bt-col-md-12 oxi-bt-col-sm-12  \"> \r\n                <div class=\"oxi_addons__image_magnifier_style_body 0\" >\r\n                    <div class=\"oxi_addons__image_magnifier_style_1 oxi_addons__image_magnifier\" >\r\n                                                <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"oxi_addons__image   oxi__image_2_0 0  0  \" src=\"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Screen-Shot-2019-09-23-at-1.46.43-PM.png\" alt=\"slider image\"\/>\r\n                                                <\/div>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d9c5670 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d9c5670\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f5a524\" data-id=\"6f5a524\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a20acf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a20acf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This research has established a feasible method to study the patent cooperation network, which has been applied to a similar quantitative research about the evolution of the patent cooperation network with historic data over the past 30 years. Coming\u00a0 soon&#8230;&#8230;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This research aims to explore the patent application cooperation relationships across the world. Based on the application data of resident and abroad count by applicant\u2019s origin in 2017 from WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization), we detect 4 the patent cooperation communities across the world with the optimal modularity algorithm.\u00a0 Modularity Q is the key measure, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,18],"tags":[19,29],"class_list":["post-522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ai-ml","category-data-analytics-visualization","tag-data-driven","tag-network-analysis","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=522"}],"version-history":[{"count":126,"href":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1420,"href":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522\/revisions\/1420"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/weijiabin.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}